Acute prostatitis is an inflammatory process in the prostate gland from which no man is protected. According to expert reviews, this ailment is detected in half of men of reproductive age. Acute prostatitis is an infectious lesion of the prostate gland, accompanied by edema and the formation of purulent foci in the organ. Some symptoms appear immediately, while others are only detected during diagnosis. What are the causes of the disease, how does it manifest itself and what treatment measures are taken?
Why does it occur?
The causes of the acute form of the disease in men lie in the infection of organs with gram-negative (E. coli, Proteus, Klebsiela and others) and gram-positive (streptococci, staphylococci) bacteria.
Acute bacterial prostatitis often develops as a result of urogenital infections transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse, such as:
- Chlamydia.
- Candidiasis.
- Gonorrhea.
- Trichomoniasis and some others.
In addition, urethritis is often the cause of acute prostatitis: pathogenic bacteria enter through the prostate ducts that open into the wall of the urethra. Much less often, infection occurs when men develop acute cystitis and bacteria from the bladder enter the prostate. There is also a hematogenous method of infection, in which pathogens spread throughout the body through the bloodstream.
Besides these reasons, there are others:
- Disturbances of intimate life (interruption and short duration of intercourse, erectile dysfunction).
- Body hypothermia.
- Inactivity caused by work or a sedentary lifestyle.
- Pathology of the rectum.
- Consequences of surgery on the urogenital organs.
- Respiratory viral infections.
- Stagnant phenomena that form in the vessels of the pelvis and often lead to impaired drainage of the prostate ducts.
- Difficulty defecating, varicose veins.
The causes are various, but all contribute to the onset of acute prostatitis.
How does the disease manifest itself?
Symptoms generally depend on the stage of inflammation.
In the catarrhal phase, the following symptoms of acute prostatitis are observed:
- Severity and painful symptoms in the genital area.
- Painful and frequent emptying of the bladder, which is of particular concern for men at night.
- A slight increase in temperature is possible.
- No signs of intoxication.
On palpation, the changes may not be detected or you may experience a slight enlargement of the prostate. In men, this test causes less pain. Symptoms of an acute type of prostatitis are also detected through tests. In the secret of the gland there is an increase in the level of leukocytes, the presence of mucus and pus threads, and also leukocytes appear in the urine. Timely treatment of a catarrhal type of prostatitis will allow a person to recover in a week and a half.
Acute follicular prostatitis has more intense symptoms. Men are concerned about pain in the perineal region, which is given to the sacral region, the anus. At this stage, the patient experiences painful urination. The pain also leads to difficulty in defecation. The temperature rises to 37. 5-38 ° C.
Certain symptoms are detected and diagnosed. During the survey, the doctor determines that the gland is enlarged and thickened, while it becomes asymmetrical, when pressed, it causes a sharp pain. The number of purulent filaments and leukocytes in the urine increases, they are deposited in the urine as sediments. If adequate treatment is prescribed, the prognosis is favorable.
If the disease is not treated, the next stage develops - acute parenchymal prostatitis. Symptoms of this form of the disease in men are as follows:
- Temperatures rise to 39-40 ° С.
- The patient is shaking.
- There are signs of general weakness.
- Loss of appetite, but constant thirst.
- At first urination is very frequent, difficult and after a while it stops.
- The patient suffers from constipation and flatulence.
Symptoms of an acute type of prostatitis are more pronounced, for example, pains radiate to the rectal area, become pulsating. Sometimes the symptoms are complemented by swelling of the pararectal tissues, in this case it is not possible to apply the rectal research method. In the urine, a mixture of pus is observed. An acute disorder should be treated urgently, otherwise an abscess will develop. In the event that a weakly virulent pathogen enters the body, the symptoms practically do not appear, so they say that the patient has a subacute type of prostatitis.
How to be treated?
Are men interested in the question of how to treat acute prostatitis? According to experts, the treatment of acute prostatitis is mainly based on eliminating the causes of the disease. As a rule, drugs with antimicrobial action are used. Antibiotics are selected individually in each case based on the diagnostics performed. Taking antibiotics lasts until full recovery. Such treatment, according to the reviews of doctors, will allow to stop the acute processes that lead to the active reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms in the tissues of the infected organ of a man. Treatment of acute prostatitis should be comprehensive.
Not only antibiotics are used, but also other drugs:
- Immunostimulating medicinal products.
- Means that improve blood circulation.
- Non-steroidal inflammatory drugs.
- Vitamin complexes.
- Herbal medicine.
- Sedatives and antidepressants.
Preparations with analgesic and antispasmodic effects can relieve men from unpleasant painful sensations. A similar effect is exerted by suppositories for introduction into the anus with an anesthetic in the composition. Suppositories, as a rule, have antibacterial properties, gently acting directly on the cause of the disease - the pathogen. At home, rectal suppositories with sea buckthorn oil, propolis, honey and enemas with a warm decoction of herbs will help to cope with pain.
In order to normalize metabolic processes in the prostate gland in men and accelerate the regeneration of damaged tissues, a course of bioregulatory peptides is prescribed. Treatment also includes immunostimulants and modulators, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (tablets or injections), solutions for injection, vitamin complexes.
If antibiotics or NSAIDs cannot cope with the infection, hormones are included in the treatment.
After the main symptoms of acute prostatitis have been eliminated, the treatment is completed by physiotherapy:
- Electrophoresis.
- Prostate massage.
- microwave and some others.
A good effect, as evidenced by patient reviews, is the treatment of prostatitis with phytopreparations.
These drugs are recommended for use at home for preventive purposes. Plant-based tablets can replace decoctions and infusions of homemade medicinal herbs.
Symptoms of the acute type of prostatitis perfectly remove decoctions from tansy flowers, hop cones, celandine. Field horsetail, calamus root, chamomile are effective.
With a significant delay in the outflow of urine in acute prostatitis, a catheter is not inserted; the treatment is carried out by excision of the bladder wall - cystotomy.
If a prostate abscess is diagnosed, treatment is performed surgically, while the abscess is opened and the cavity is drained. In the acute form, bed rest is shown, as well as the rejection of sexual intercourse, diet food.
As evidenced by the reviews of doctors, timely identification of the causes of the acute form of the disease and a competently conducted treatment process can cure the disease in a fairly short time.